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Dishwasher

Dishwashers clean kitchenware, operate commercial dish machines, and maintain kitchen sanitation.

Average salary
$34,810
Salary range
$26,200 – $42,860
Training time
A few days to weeks
Job market
Little or no change
4/10
Work-life balance
Demanding
4/10

Dishwashers clean dishes, glassware, and cookware in commercial kitchens while maintaining sanitary work stations. They run commercial dishwashing machines, wash delicate pots and pans by hand, and restock clean supplies for the culinary crew. In addition to washing kitchenware, workers clean floors, manage trash disposal, and inspect water temperature and chemical sanitizer levels to follow health codes. They may also assist cooks with simple food prep and help unload food deliveries during busy shifts.

A workday

A day in the life

What does a workday really look like?

A scheduled morning-to-afternoon shift in an institutional cafeteria or school kitchen.

  1. 7:00 AM
    Kitchen arrival and station prep

    Arrive at the kitchen and inspect the dish station before meal service begins.

  2. 7:30 AM
    Morning food prep support

    Help kitchen staff unload incoming food deliveries and assist with simple food prep.

  3. 9:00 AM
    Commercial machine setup

    Set up commercial dish machines, check water temperature, and verify sanitizer levels.

  4. 11:30 AM
    Lunch rush dishwashing

    Wash incoming trays, glasses, and utensils using the commercial dish machine.

  5. 1:30 PM
    Manual cookware washing

    Clean pots, pans, and large cooking tools by hand at the sink station.

  6. 2:30 PM
    Restocking and cleaning

    Put away clean cookware, sweep wet floors, and empty kitchen trash cans.

  7. 3:30 PM
    Shift closing

    Complete the final sanitizing wipe-down and brief the evening crew.

Task breakdown

A busy dinner shift in a full-service restaurant running until closing.

  1. 4:00 PM
    Shift check-in

    Put on protective gear and review the evening prep schedule with kitchen staff.

  2. 4:30 PM
    Sanitizer and machine check

    Check chemical supplies, monitor water temperatures, and organize empty dish racks.

  3. 6:00 PM
    Dinner rush washing

    Load and operate commercial dish machines during the busy dinner rush.

  4. 8:30 PM
    Pot and pan scrubbing

    Wash heavy pots, sheet pans, and prep tools by hand in hot water.

  5. 10:00 PM
    Utensil sorting and restocking

    Sort and put away clean plates, glassware, and utensils for the next shift.

  6. 11:00 PM
    Kitchen closing and sanitizing

    Mop kitchen floors, sanitize countertops, empty all trash cans, and close down machines.

Salary data

What do you really earn?

Salary by experience, sector and region.

Minimum
$26,200
Average
$34,810
Maximum
$42,860

Salary by region

RegionMinAvg.Max
National$26,200$34,810$42,860
California$35,160$37,870$45,640
Florida$28,250$31,240$37,010
Texas$21,920$29,610$36,720
New York$32,240$35,450$45,520
Pennsylvania$21,550$29,950$37,110

Typical benefits

Free or discounted staff meals
Employers frequently offer complimentary or discounted meals to kitchen workers during shifts.
Flexible scheduling
Kitchens often accommodate varying schedules with day, evening, and weekend options.
Overtime pay
Additional pay is common during peak dining seasons, holidays, and heavy dining rushes.
Training toward cook roles
On-the-job guidance helps workers learn basic culinary skills for advancement.

Pathways

Education pathways

Which paths lead to this profession?

On-the-job training

A few days to weeks

On-the-job training in the kitchen

New hires learn commercial machine operation, chemical safety, and kitchen sanitation rules directly on site from experienced staff.

Costs
Paid by the employer
Entry requirements
No formal education required
Certificate

A few hours

Food handler training course

Workers complete a short program focused on food safety and hygiene basics, which is required for kitchen employment in some states.

Entry requirements
None

Profile

Skills & personality

Is this a good fit for you?

Hard skills

  • Commercial dish machine operationOperating, loading, and maintaining commercial conveyor and rack dishwashing machines.
  • Sanitation and cleaning chemicalsHandling cleaning chemicals safely and maintaining correct sanitation standards.
  • Food safety basicsAdhering to food safety guidelines to prevent cross contamination in the kitchen.
  • Kitchen organizationSorting, organizing, and storing clean dishes, pots, and cooking utensils properly.
  • Basic food prepAssisting cooks by handling basic food preparation tasks when requested.

Soft skills

  • ReliabilityArriving promptly for scheduled shifts, including evening, weekend, and holiday times.
  • StaminaRemaining on your feet for extended periods while lifting heavy dish racks and cookware.
  • TeamworkCollaborating effectively with line cooks, bussers, and supervisors in a fast kitchen environment.
  • SpeedWorking quickly and efficiently to keep clean dishware flowing during peak meal rushes.

Is this a good fit for you?

  • ✓
    EnergeticAble to maintain a quick pace and stay productive throughout physically demanding shifts.
  • ✓
    DiligentAttentive to sanitation details, proper chemical dilution, and water temperatures.
  • ✓
    AdaptableReady to switch between washing cookware, taking out trash, and assisting with simple prep tasks.
  • ✓
    DependableConsistent with attendance and committed to finishing closing tasks after the kitchen closes.
  • ✓
    CooperativeWilling to support fellow back-of-house staff to ensure smooth dining service.

Market

Job market & outlook

What does the market look like?

Openings per year
68,900
Trend
Stable
Growth
-1%
AI impact
3/10
Conveyor dish machines and some robotic systems handle more of the washing. Hand washing pots, sorting and keeping the kitchen running stay human.

Regional demand

California
High demand driven by large dining, resort, and tourism industries across the state.
7/10
Florida
Strong employment opportunities supported by hotels, resorts, and tourism hospitality.
7/10
New York
Consistent hiring needs across restaurants, hospitality venues, and institutional dining halls.
5/10
Pennsylvania
Moderate need for kitchen utility staff in full-service restaurants, healthcare, and schools.
5/10
Texas
Steady demand across restaurants, healthcare food services, and institutional cafeterias.
4/10

Growth

Career paths

Where can this profession take you?

Vertical growth

  1. Prep cook
    0-1 years

    Move into preparing ingredients, chopping produce, and assisting line cooks with simple cooking tasks.

  2. Line cook
    1-3 years

    Advance to cooking food to order on kitchen stations such as the grill, saute, or fry station.

  3. Kitchen supervisor or sous chef
    3-6 years

    Take on kitchen leadership duties, overseeing food preparation, sanitation standards, and kitchen staff.

Horizontal move

  • Busser

    Transition to front-of-house operations to clear tables, reset dining areas, and assist dining room servers.

    View Busser
  • Janitor

    Shift into broader facility maintenance, keeping commercial facilities clean, sanitized, and orderly.

    View Janitor

Good to know

Practical info

Working hours
Full time or part time, with overtime common during busy periods.
Remote work
Not remote, because the job is physical work in a commercial kitchen.
Physical requirements
Standing for long periods, lifting heavy racks and pots, and working with hot water, steam, cleaning chemicals and wet floors.
Typical employers
Full-service restaurants, hotels and resorts, hospitals and nursing homes, school and college cafeterias, catering companies, and casinos.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

What does a dishwasher do daily?

A dishwasher washes kitchenware, operates commercial cleaning machines, and keeps the kitchen clean. Daily tasks include scrubbing pots and pans by hand, sorting clean tableware, and returning dishes to storage shelves. Staff members also monitor water temperature and chemical sanitizer levels to follow health codes. Additionally, dishwashers sweep floors, take out trash, and occasionally help unload delivery trucks or assist cooks with basic food prep.

What qualifications are needed to become a dishwasher?

No formal education or prior work experience is required to work as a dishwasher. Employers provide on-the-job training that covers machine operation, chemical handling, and sanitation procedures. In some states, workers must earn a food handler card before or soon after starting. Workers under 18 years old may also need a valid work permit in certain states.

What are the physical demands of dishwashing?

Dishwashing is physically demanding and requires standing for long periods on wet floors. Workers frequently lift heavy dish racks, sheet pans, and stockpots while moving around hot equipment. The work environment exposes staff to hot water, steam, and cleaning chemicals throughout the day. Maintaining high energy and physical stamina is essential to keep up with the fast kitchen pace during busy meal times.

What hours and shifts do dishwashers work?

Dishwashers work full time or part time schedules that often include evenings, weekends, and holidays. Shifts frequently end late at night after the kitchen closes and the final sanitizing tasks are finished. Overtime hours are common during busy periods, special events, and peak seasons. Many kitchens offer flexible scheduling options to accommodate different availability needs.

Can a dishwasher advance to cooking roles?

Yes, many dishwashers advance into culinary positions like prep cook or line cook. Kitchens frequently provide training toward cook roles for dependable workers who show an interest in food preparation. Dishwashers who help with simple food prep gain valuable knife skills and kitchen knowledge. With additional experience, workers can advance to line cook roles and eventually supervisory positions.

Where do dishwashers typically find employment?

Dishwashers work in any commercial food facility that prepares and serves meals. Typical employers include full-service restaurants, hotels, resorts, and casinos. They also work in school and college cafeterias, catering companies, and healthcare settings such as hospitals and nursing homes. These varied workplaces offer different operating hours, ranging from daytime cafeteria schedules to late-night restaurant service.

How is technology changing dishwashing jobs?

Technology is automating parts of the dishwashing process through advanced machinery. Conveyor dish machines and some robotic systems handle more of the washing tasks in high-volume settings. However, washing pots by hand, organizing supplies, and maintaining kitchen sanitation still require human workers. Human staff remain necessary to handle delicate items, keep stations sanitary, and support overall kitchen operations.

In depth

All about dishwasher

The background, context and details.

Role and responsibilities in the kitchen

Dishwashers maintain the cleanliness and sanitation of commercial dining facilities. The primary duty involves loading and running commercial dishwashing machines while washing pots, pans, and cooking tools by hand. Workers organize clean dishware, glasses, and utensils so line cooks and servers have the supplies they need. Beyond washing dishes, staff keep floors, dish areas, and trash stations sanitary. They also verify that wash water temperatures and sanitizer levels comply with local health regulations. During busy periods, dishwashers assist back-of-house staff by unloading food shipments and completing basic ingredient prep tasks.

Workplace settings and work schedules

Dishwashers work in a wide variety of commercial food preparation environments. Common employers include full-service restaurants, hotels, resorts, school and college cafeterias, hospitals, nursing homes, catering companies, and casinos. Work hours can be full time or part time, and overtime pay is often available when dining volume increases. Shift times depend heavily on the employer. Many positions require evening, weekend, and holiday shifts that end late at night after the kitchen closes for service. Daytime cafeteria positions may offer earlier schedules. The work is active and physical, requiring workers to stand on wet floors, lift heavy dish racks, and handle hot water, steam, and cleaning chemicals.

Training and licensing requirements

Getting started as a dishwasher does not require formal academic credentials or prior kitchen experience. Employers typically offer on-the-job training covering commercial dish machine operation, sanitation procedures, and chemical safety over a few days or weeks. In some states, workers must complete a food handler training course to learn basic hygiene and food safety rules. Additionally, workers under 18 years old may need a valid work permit in certain states. High reliability, physical stamina, and a strong work ethic are the main qualities managers seek when hiring.

Career advancement opportunities

A dishwashing job often acts as a launching pad for long-term culinary careers. While working in the dish pit, employees observe professional cooks and learn how a commercial kitchen functions. Many employers provide training toward cook roles, enabling dishwashers to move into prep cook or line cook positions. With time and experience, culinary workers can progress to kitchen supervisor or sous chef roles. Dishwashers can also explore lateral career options, such as becoming a dining room busser or moving into general janitorial maintenance.